Rotary engine, pump, or compressor



c. E. MARTIN 2,075,654

ROTARY ENGINE, PUMP, OR COMPRESSOR March 30, 1937.-

2 Shets-Sheet l Filed March 21, 1934 -mun:

Charles Ed ard' Mofhfi N VENTQ 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 21 1934 Chdrlas Ed cLvdM +M I N VENTQ Fc;

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Patented Mar. 30, 1937 1 v 2,075 54 1 UNITED js'rA'rEs PATENT; oer-lea Application March 21, 1934,8erlal No. 716,818

In Germany March 25, 1983 6 Claims. (01. 128-11) This invention relates to an arrangement of the drawings) of these parts F and G extending the working spaces or chambers of machines such over the whole 01' the peripheries oi these parts. as motors, pumps or compressors operating with Upon the shaft of the pinion F is keyed a crank a gaseous or liquid fluid, in which at least one M, with the pin H of which is coupled a crank working space (suction, expansion, pressure or rod H connected at its other end by the joint H 5 compression space) is moved with the axis of the to the auxiliary rod D.

machine in a circular path concentric with the, Upon rotation of the planet wheel F and moveaxis, while the extent of its movementsis dement thereof along the periphery of the crown termined by pistons at both its forward and rear wheel G, the crank M rotates with the planet 10 ends, these pistons being mounted on arms slidwheel, so that by means 01 the lever system H, 10 ing in a hollow ring concentric with the machine D, E, the piston P is caused to alternately ape axis and varying, by positive mutual and relaprdach and recede from the piston P. By this tive movement, the capacity of the working alternate approaching and receding oi the pistons space. According to the present invention a'slot, P and P, the different phases of a working cycle, which is provided in the hollow ring for the pasthat is to say the cycle of a 4-stroke motor are 15 s o t a s y nsthe p stons, s covered obtained. The slot x in the hollow casing A, by a sliding ring which'partlcipates in the movethrough which extend the arms C, D carrying the ment of the piston lying at the front end of the pistons P, P, permits the arms to rotate with path 01 movement of the working'space, and cuts the pistons in the hollow ring. The closure or off the latterirom the space conta fl sealing of the hollow ring which serves as the 20 In the ac o p g drawings is illustrated working or expansion chamber is effected by an app a s a co o e present invention means 01' a ring I arranged in the suitably shaped operating as an i te combustion engine. three slot x or the hollow casing, so as to be capable alternative constructions of the invention being f sliding on h flange K th reof and this ring illustrated diagramma yis provided with slots through which the arms C 25 Figs. 1 to 4 illustrate in transverse section the and D extemi The Slot provided f r the i C first arrangement having Wrk1ng space is short so that the sliding ring takes part in the said figures epresentmgh m the order named' movements of the arm C or piston P. The slidthe intake, compression, expansion and exhaust mg ring I may if desired be secured to the am positions occupied during operation. v n t h 30 Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate the second alternative 3: :g 2: g fizfg g ggz gi E :25 r sht i last that: h h hhhhh whhh hhhhhh hhh p e e pp 5 D extends, to be out 01' connection with the worksection in Fig. 5 and axial section in Fig. 6. mg Space B even when the pistons P and are Fig. 7 shows the third alternative construction at their greatest distance from one another (Figs 5 in transverse section.

1 and 3). I1 this were otherwise it would give Fig. 8 is an axial section taken on the line 8-8 rise to an opening or leak r the working space in Fig. 1. l

1 In the construction illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4, In the construction'mustmtedm FlgS' 1-4 a of a 4-stroke motor, there occur two working 0 o hollow casing A has an opening in the form of a slot x. In the hollow casing A slide two pistons cyces each Perms dining each a tion, intake, compression, working and exhaust,

P, P which form the front and rear closures dethat is to say one complete cycle m each half h th w rkin ace B. The fining t e extent of e o g Sp revolution. The admission of the gas into the piston P-is mounted rigidly on the outer end of hollow casing A takes place through openings L,

arm C, the inner end of which is attached to an L provided therein and the discharge of the the machine shaft 0. The shaft 0 is mounted by suitable means, not illustrated, carried by the burnt gases takes Place through the openings N, hollow' casing body A. The piston P is mounted R, indicate Spark p on a. me E which is attached by means of joint, v Fig. 1 shows the motor at the end of the intake E to an auxiliary arm D formed in one pi period. The pistons P, P are at a. distance from 50 with a boss D rotatable about the shaft 0'. On lo an so h t ass is drawn i t r th the arm C is rotatably mounted a planet pinion Op L into the 891106 B between e p stons- F which engages with acrown wheel (3 f st n On further movements of the pistons in the holthe outside or the hollow casing A, the teeth low casing A h piston P reaches-the edge or (which are only diagrammatically indicated in the inlet opening L, wherebythe expansion cham- 55 been transmitted to the shaft from the piston P through arm C. Simultaneously the pinion mounted on the arm C has rolled along the crown wheel G and rotated about its axis and by means of the crank M, and the parts H, D, E, the piston P' is caused to approach the piston P, so that the gas enclosed in the hollow casing A between the pistons P, P is compressed. The explosion space is now in the position opposite the ignition plug R by means of which the compressed gas is ignited. The resulting explosion and expansion of the gas forces the piston P further in clockwise direction.

Fig. 3 shows the motor at the end of the explosion or working period. The piston P, in being driven forward to this position by the expansion of the gas, has transmitted the force which acts upon it, to the shaft 0 by means of the arm C.

Meanwhile, the planet wheel F has travelled along the crown wheel G and in, so doing has at least to some extent prevented, through the lever system formed by the parts M, H, D, E, a forward movement of the piston P. In response to the counter-clockwise rotation of the crank M with the pinion F a lengthening of the lever system M, H takes place and the expansion space between the two pistons is increased during the driving forward of the piston P. By the clockwise movement of the piston P the expansion space between the two pistons at the end of the expansion period is in communication with the edge of-the exhaust opening N, and when the opening N is uncovered by the piston P as the latter continues to move the exhausting of the burnt gases begins.

Fig. 4 shows the motor at the end of the exhaust period. By the continued rotation of the pinion F in response to further movement of the piston P, the piston P is again caused to approach the piston P, so that the volume of the working space is reduced and the exploded gases are driven through the opening N. This coneludes the last of the four periods of the cycle.

After a half revolution of the piston P in the hollow casing A, the piston P lies in front of the inlet opening L. Thereafter when the pistons recede from one another, fuel gas is drawn in through the opening L into the working space,

and the first period of a new cycle begins corresponding to that described above .with reference to Figs. 1-4.

In the construction illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 three working chambers or spaces are provided which are connected mechanically one with another by three arms C secured on the shaft 0 and three planet wheels F, which control the movement of the corresponding piston P" by means of the parts M, H, D and E, each planet wheel F being mounted upon that arm C which appertains to the adjoining working space in advance, in the direction of rotation, of the piston P controlled thereby. Since the pistons P, or

their arms C, are connected fast with the shaft 0, their distance from one another remains unaltered. As a consequence, in the arrangement ing spaces. For example in the position illustrated in Fig. 5 the working space I is at the end of the intake period whilst the working space 2 is near the end of the exhaust period and the working space 3 is just past the beginning of the working period.

The sealing ring I in Fig. 6, mounted in the hollow casing A, is attached to the piston P or its arm C and rotates therefore with the latter with respect to the hollow casing. The arm C, and also the auxiliary arm D are, as can be seen from the upper half of Fig. 6, fork shaped. The outerend of each arm C extends through the ring I and is connected to the appropriate piston P by means of a pin C. The inner end of each forked arm C is secured to the motor shaft 0. For the sake of clearness another arm C appertaining to another working space is shown in the lower half of Fig. 6 partly broken away, and also one of the auxiliary arms D which is likewise fork shaped. Each of thethree auxiliary arms D extends through an opening 4 formed in the packing ring I so far in the direction of rotation that the movement of each auxiliary arm with respect to the related arm C is not impeded. The outer end of each arm D is connected with the appropriate piston P through a rod E which is attached to the arm by a joint E. The inner ends of the forked arms D embrace the motor shaft 0 loosely through the medium of eyes 5.

I The fork shape of arm C permits each crank M to be mounted between the limbs of the fork formed by C the two ends of each crank being preferably mounted in.the forked arms. Furthermore the fork formation of the auxiliary arms D makes it possible to arrange the end H of an appropriate crank rod H between the fork limbs. The drive of the cranks M is effected by means of the planet wheels F and F (Fig. 6) which engage with crown wheels G, G, secured on each side of the hollow casing A. The shaft 0 rests in bearings U, U which are carried by the hollow casing A through rods or bars S, S. The pistons P and the arms C mounted on the motor shaft 0 function during rotation as a fly wheel to pass the dead centre.

In the construction illustrated in Fig. 7, the arms C are mounted on a partly cut-away disc T keyed upon the shaft 0. The auxiliary arms D are secured by means of links D" on the disc T. The disc T effects a mechanical bracing of the lever system and also serves to carry the shafts of the planet wheels F. The teeth of the planet wheels, as well as those of the crown wheel G with which they engage are indicated diagrammatically only in the drawings For the purpose of showing clearly the coupling of the auxiliary arms D with the shafts of the planet wheels F through the crank rods H and cranks M, the disc T is shown as broken away at the upper part. Moreover, in this figure the hollow casing A and the inlet and outlet tubes L, L or N, N are shown in section and the remaining parts are shown in elevation. Also for the purpose of clearness, of the planet wheels F which lie outside the disc T, those on the side towards the observer, are omit-.- ted, as is also a rear disc like T.

I claim:

1. In a machine of the character described, a shaft, a toroidal casing concentric with said shaft and having a continuous slot along its inner periphery, main and auxiliary pistons mounted for movement within said casing, arms carried by said pistons, respectively, and extending radially through said slot, the arm from the main piston ill being secured to'said shaft, means for effecting relative movements of the istons and corresponding variations in the capacity of the working space between them, and a sealing member in the form of a complete ring slidably mounted in said slot to seal said casing, said ring being secured to the arm of the main piston for movement therewith.

2. In a machine of the character described, a shaft, a toroidal casing concentric with said shaft and having a continuous slot along its inner periphery, a plurality of pistons arranged in pairs and mounted for movement within said casing, each pair comprising a main and an auxiliary piston, arms carried by said pistons, respectively, and extending radially through-said slot, the arms from the main pistons being secured to said shaft, means for effecting relative movements of the pistonsof each pair and corresponding variations in the capacity of the working space between them, and a sealing member in the form of a complete ring slidably mounted in said slot to seal said casing, said ring being secured tothe arms of the main pistons for movement therewith.-

3. In a machine of the character described, a shaft, a toroidal casing concentric with said shaft and having a continuousslot along its inner pe-' riphery, main and auxiliary pistons mounted for movement within said casing, arms carried by said pistons, respectively, and extending radially through said slot, the arm from the main piston being secured to said shaft, means for effecting relative movements 'of the pistons and corresponding variations in the capacity of the work-.

an elongated slot adapted to permit passage therethrough of the arm of the auxiliary piston.

4. m a machine of the character described, a shaft, a toroidal casing concentric with'said shaft and having a continuous slot along its inner periphery, a plurality of pistons arranged in pairs and mounted for movement within said casing, each pair comprising a main and an auxiliary piston, arms carried by said pistons, respectively, and extending radially through said slot, the arms from the main pistons being secured to said shaft, means for eifecting relative movements of the pistons of each pair and corresponding variations in the capacity of the working space between them, and a sealing member in the form of a complete ring slidably mounted in said slot to seal said'casing, said ring being secured to the arms of the main pistons for movement therewith, and said ring being provided with a plurality of elongated slots adapted to permit passage therethrough, respectively, of thearms of the auxiliary pistons.

5. in a machineof the character described, a shaft, a toroidal casing concentric with said shaft and having a continuous slot along its inner periphery, main and auxiliary pistons mounted working space between them, said means comprising-a sun gear carried by'the casing, a planet pinion dournaled in the arm of the main piston and meshing with said sun gear, a crank secured to said planet pinion, and a connecting rod between the crank andthe arm of the auxiliary piston. I

6. In a machine of the character described, a shaft, a toriodal casing concentric with said shaft and having a continuous slot along its inner periphery, main and auxiliary pistons mounted for movement within said casing, arms carried by said pistons, respectively, and extending radially through said slot, the arm from the main piston being secured to said shaft, each of said arms having a bifurcated portion, a sealing member in the form of a complete ring slidably mounted in said slot to seal said casing, said ring being secured to the arm of the main piston for movement therewith, and means for effecting relative movements of the pistons and corresponding gvariations in the capacity of the working space between them, said means comprising a pair of sun gears carried by the casing on opposite sides ofits axis, respectively, a pair of planet pinions Journaled in the bifurcated portion of the arm of the main piston,.said pinions meshing with said sun gears, respectively, cranks secured to said planet pinions 'with a common crank pin dis- 

